Stephen William Hawking

Research topics

• Cosmology and Gravitation Theories · 3 papers
• Black Holes and Theoretical Physics · 3 papers
• Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories · 1 paper
• Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect · 1 paper
• Quantum Mechanics and Applications · 1 paper

Frequent co-authors

• Gary William Gibbons · 2 papers
• James B. Hartle · 1 paper

Papers

1. Action integrals and partition functions in quantum gravityPhysical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · 1977 · 3,466 citations

   One can evaluate the action for a gravitational field on a section of the complexified spacetime which avoids the singularities. In this manner we obtain finite, purely imaginary values for the actions of the Kerr-Newman solutions and de Sitter space.…

2. Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creationPhysical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · 1977 · 3,199 citations

   It is shown that the close connection between event horizons and thermodynamics which has been found in the case of black holes can be extended to cosmological models with a repulsive cosmological constant. An observer in these models will have…

3. Wave function of the UniversePhysical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · 1983 · 3,037 citations

   The quantum state of a spatially closed universe can be described by a wave function which is a functional on the geometries of compact three-manifolds and on the values of the matter fields on these manifolds. The wave function obeys…